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Principles of Hardscaping

Principles of Hardscaping

by | May 22, 2024 | Hardscaping, Landscape Design, Patios, Retaining Walls, Walkways

principles of hardscaping stairs walkway interlocking stoneHardscaping – the art of landscaping with non-living elements – adds structure, functionality, and aesthetic appeal to outdoor spaces. Doing the job right requires an understanding of the principles of hardscaping, careful planning, and attention to detail.

From patios and pathways to retaining walls and driveways, hardscaping can transform a mundane backyard into a beautiful and usable oasis. In this guide, we’ll delve into the principles and steps involved in hardscaping, along with common mistakes that DIYers make.

Principles of Hardscaping

hardscaping walkway driveway cobblestone natural stoneFunctionality

Before diving into the design, we consider the intended use of the hardscaped area. Whether it’s for entertaining guests, relaxing, or enhancing curb appeal, functionality primarily guides the layout and material choices.

Unity and Harmony

Hardscaping elements should complement the existing landscape and architectural features. We aim for a cohesive design that integrates seamlessly with the surroundings.

Balance

hardscaping walkway precast flagstone alternativeOur designs achieve visual balance by distributing hardscape elements evenly throughout the space. Balance is achieved through symmetry, asymmetry, or radial patterns, depending on the desired aesthetic.

Proportion and Scale

We also focus on maintaining proper proportion and scale to ensure that hardscape elements are not overpowering or overshadowed by the surrounding landscape. If there are existing structures, we consider the scale of those other elements and the size of the area overall when selecting materials and designing layouts.

Durability and Maintenance

Our recommendation is to select durable materials that can withstand the local climate and require minimal upkeep. Proper maintenance is essential for preserving the integrity and appearance of hardscape features over time.

Steps Involved in Hardscaping

Site Assessment

hardscaping walkway driveway The first step is an evaluation of the site to identify existing features, such as slopes, drainage patterns, and utility lines, that may impact the hardscaping design. Factors like sun exposure, soil conditions, and access points will impact the layout.

Design Development

Then, we’ll sketch out the desired hardscape elements, taking into account the principles of hardscaping discussed earlier. Our design team then uses purpose-built software to create detailed plans and visualizations.

Material Selection

Keeping a customer’s budget in mind, hardscaping materials – mainly natural stone or precast products – are selected to complement the design aesthetic while meeting practical requirements such as durability, slip resistance, and maintenance needs.

Preparation

natural stone walkway river rock hardscapingWhen the planning is complete, we begin preparing the site by clearing vegetation, grading the terrain, and addressing any drainage issues. Hardscaping projects require a sturdy base, such as crushed stone or gravel, to provide a stable foundation for hardscape features like patios and pathways.

Installation

Adhering to the plan as well as industry best practices, our hardscaping crew begins installation. To ensure proper alignment, spacing, and compaction, the team uses appropriate tools and techniques.

Finishing Touches

Finishing touches such as edging, lighting, and softscaping are added when desired to enhance the visual appeal and functionality of the hardscaped area.

Common DIY Mistakes

Skipping Site Assessment

Neglecting to assess the site can lead to issues like poor drainage, uneven surfaces, and conflicts with utility lines.

Overlooking Design Principles

Failing to consider principles like functionality, unity, and proportion can result in a haphazard or unbalanced hardscape design.

Poor Material Selection

Choosing materials based solely on aesthetics without considering durability, maintenance requirements, and suitability for the site can lead to premature deterioration and costly repairs.

Inadequate Preparation

Rushing through site preparation and base installation can compromise the stability and longevity of hardscape features, leading to issues like settling, cracking, and drainage problems.

Improper Installation Techniques

Incorrect installation techniques, such as improper compaction, inadequate joint spacing, and poor alignment, can result in uneven surfaces, instability, and structural failure.

Neglecting Maintenance

Failing to properly maintain hardscape features, including regular cleaning, sealing, and/or repairs, can diminish their appearance and lifespan.

While there are some aspects of landscaping that homeowners can tackle themselves, the labour-intensive and complex nature of hardscaping makes it more difficult for DIYers to get right. Whether you’re planning on a small patio project or a complete backyard makeover, contact us for professional, beautiful, and long-lasting results.

Post-Pandemic Landscaping Trends That Are Here to Stay

Post-Pandemic Landscaping Trends That Are Here to Stay

by | Aug 30, 2023 | Hardscaping, Landscape Design, Patios, Ponds, Retaining Walls, Softscaping

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about a seismic shift in how we perceive and utilize our living spaces. As people spent more time at home, the importance of creating functional and beautiful outdoor environments became evident. While the pandemic itself is receding, the impact it had on our lifestyles and preferences is not going away. This is clearly reflected in the enduring landscaping trends that have emerged in the wake of the crisis. Here, we explore the post-pandemic landscaping trends that are here to stay.

Outdoor Living Rooms

outdoor living rooms landscaping hardscapingThe concept of outdoor spaces as extensions of our homes gained immense popularity during the pandemic and is set to remain a staple in landscaping. Outdoor living rooms equipped with comfortable seating, weather-resistant furniture, and even fully functional kitchens have become the new norm. People are realizing that their gardens or backyards can serve as a retreat for relaxation, entertainment, and remote work.

Multipurpose Gardens

Beyond aesthetics, gardens are now being designed with functionality in mind. Multipurpose gardens that incorporate edible plants, such as vegetables, fruits, and herbs, offer a sustainable way to supplement household groceries. This trend reflects a broader movement towards self-sufficiency and a desire to connect with nature through hands-on activities like gardening.

Wellness Retreats

The pandemic prompted a heightened focus on mental and physical well-being. As a result, landscapes are being transformed into wellness retreats. Meditation labyrinths and corners, yoga decks, and serene water features create tranquil spaces for relaxation and self-care. This trend underscores the growing understanding of the positive effects that nature can have on our overall health.

Native Plant Landscaping

post-pandemic landscaping trends

Sustainable and low-maintenance landscaping practices have gained traction, with native plants taking center stage. These plants are adapted to the local environment, requiring less water and minimal upkeep. The trend toward native plant landscaping aligns with the broader global movement to conserve biodiversity and support local ecosystems.

Tech-Integrated Outdoors

Technology has permeated every aspect of our lives, and the outdoors are no exception. Smart irrigation systems, outdoor lighting controlled via mobile apps, and even automated lawn mowers are becoming commonplace. This integration of technology enhances convenience and efficiency in maintaining outdoor spaces.

Staycation-Focused Design

Travel restrictions and safety concerns prompted a renewed appreciation for the beauty of one’s own surroundings. Staycation-focused landscaping designs, featuring resort-like amenities such as swimming pools surrounded by lush landscaping, fire pits, and hot tubs, are likely to continue. These spaces provide an escape without leaving the comfort of home.

Eco-Friendly Landscaping

Environmental consciousness has led to an increased demand for eco-friendly landscaping practices. Rainwater harvesting systems, permeable paving, and xeriscaping (landscaping that requires minimal water) are becoming staples in modern outdoor design. This trend reflects a collective commitment to minimizing the ecological footprint of our living spaces.

Outdoor Workspaces

outdoor kitchen hardscaping patio hardscapingRemote work arrangements prompted a need for adaptable workspaces, and outdoor settings proved to be both refreshing and conducive to productivity. As hybrid work models persist, the integration of outdoor workspaces—whether it’s a shaded patio corner or a garden gazebo—will remain relevant.

The pandemic reshaped our relationship with our living spaces, elevating the importance of the great outdoors. The landscaping trends that emerged during this time are not fleeting fads; they signify a lasting transformation in the way we perceive, design, and use our outdoor environments. From functional outdoor living spaces to sustainable practices and wellness-oriented designs, these trends offer a glimpse into a future where our connection to nature is more profound and holistic than ever before.

Want help upgrading your landscaping? Contact us.

Landscaping with Natural Stone

Landscaping with Natural Stone

by | Jul 5, 2023 | Hardscaping, Landscape Design, Patios, Retaining Walls, Walkways

Creating a beautiful outdoor space often involves finding the perfect balance between functionality and aesthetic appeal. Landscaping with natural stone helps elevate outdoor spaces in terms of both beauty and practicality.

Whether you’re aiming to build a beautiful pathway, add a captivating focal point, or design an entire landscape, natural stone options such as flagstone, armour stone, and river rock can transform your outdoor environment into a mesmerizing retreat. In this blog post, we’ll explore the diverse uses and characteristics of these three popular natural stones, offering insights into how they can elevate your landscaping projects.

Flagstone: Timeless Beauty and Versatility

stratford landscaping hardscaping flagstone patioFlagstone, characterized by its relatively flat, irregular-shaped slabs, is a timeless choice for adding elegance and functionality to your landscape design. This type of natural stone is available in various colors, including earthy browns, grays, and blues, offering a wide range of options to suit your aesthetic preferences.

Pathways
Flagstone can be used to create visually appealing and durable pathways throughout your garden or yard. By arranging these flat stones in a natural or geometric pattern, you can achieve a unique and inviting path.

Patios
Transforming a bland outdoor area into a captivating patio is effortless with flagstone. Its natural texture and color variations provide a rustic charm, while its durability makes it an excellent choice for outdoor living spaces like patios.

Stepping Stones
Create a whimsical and enchanting garden by strategically placing flagstone stepping stones amidst lush greenery. These irregularly shaped stones add character and functionality, guiding visitors through your landscape while preserving its natural beauty.

Armour Stone: Majestic and Enduring

Hardscaping - walkway with stepping stones and armour stone retaining wallArmour stone is a heavyweight natural stone renowned for its strength and durability. These large, rugged stones bring a sense of grandeur to any landscape and are commonly used for creating retaining walls, borders, and eye-catching focal points.

Retaining Walls
Armour stones are ideal for building sturdy and visually striking retaining walls. Their substantial size and weight provide stability while adding a touch of natural beauty to your landscape. These walls help prevent soil erosion, level uneven terrain, and create distinct planting areas.

Garden Edging
Utilize armour stone to define garden beds, pathways, or driveways. The imposing presence of these stones adds an element of sophistication and serves as a functional barrier, protecting your plantings and preventing soil displacement.

Water Features
Incorporating armour stones into water features, such as cascading waterfalls or natural-looking ponds, can create a captivating oasis in your garden. The rough texture and natural colors of these stones enhance the visual appeal of your water feature, evoking a serene and peaceful atmosphere.

River Rock: Serene Simplicity and Versatile Charm

Pondless stream using natural river rock by A Touch of Dutch LandscapingRiver rock, also known as river stones or pebbles, is a smooth natural stone typically found in riverbeds. Its unique rounded shape and earthy, soothing colors make it an excellent choice for enhancing various aspects of your landscape.

Ground Cover
Use river rock as a ground cover to create a low-maintenance and visually appealing landscape. Its smooth texture and uniformity offer a soothing backdrop for vibrant plants and flowers while preventing weed growth.

Dry Creek Beds
Mimic the beauty of a meandering stream by incorporating river rock into a dry creek bed. This decorative feature adds visual interest and can be used in xeriscaping projects. But they can also be functional, directing rainwater from rain barrels, eavestroughs, or reservoirs into beds, improving drainage in areas prone to flooding.

Waterless Ponds
River rock can be arranged in a layered manner to resemble the bottom of a pond or lake. This creative landscaping idea provides a unique focal point, adding depth and texture to your outdoor space without the need for water.

Pondless Streams and Waterfalls
The soothing sights and sounds of gently flowing water can be achieved in your own backyard. To create a pondless stream or waterfall, river rock is assembled down a slope and recirculating water cascades down the rock into an underground reservoir, where it’s pumped back to the top of the water feature.

Landscaping with natural stone opens up a world of possibilities for creating a captivating outdoor space that harmonizes with nature. Its timeless beauty, versatility, and durability make natural stone an ideal choice for pathways, patios, retaining walls, and other landscaping elements.

Natural stone is a permeable option that can benefit the environment by preventing runoff or pooling standing water. With increasing frequency and amounts of rain, permeable solutions work by allowing water to pass through joints and filter it back into the ground alleviating pressure on rivers and storm sewers. Permeable options can also reduce heat by counteracting how they absorb and emit the sun’s heat over traditional paving.

Whether you prefer a formal garden or a rustic retreat, natural stone can be adapted to suit your style and preferences, breathing life into your outdoor oasis. Planning a landscaping upgrade? Visit our Project Gallery for ideas and inspiration. And if you’d prefer to have a professional design and/or installation, contact us.

Landscape Lighting

Landscape Lighting

by | May 25, 2023 | Hardscaping, Landscape Design, Patios, Ponds, Walkways, Water Features

Landscape lighting can have a dramatic impact on the overall look and feel of the areas around your home. Not only does it add visual appeal, but it also increases safety and security, allowing you to enjoy your garden and patio any time of day or night. Good lighting design can help you create a welcoming atmosphere that enhances the natural beauty of your landscape.

In this blog post, we’ll explore the different types and benefits of landscape lighting available and how to choose the right lighting for your specific needs. Whether you’re looking to highlight specific features or create ambiance, there are lighting types and strategies that can help you achieve your goals.

Store-Bought vs. Custom Landscape Lighting

Backyard lighting around pool gazebo pathways

There are myriad landscape lighting solutions available online and at major retail outlets these days. Many of them are solar-powered or battery-operated. Although these options are easy to install, they do have a few drawbacks:

  1. Low quality/intensity of light – This is especially true with the battery- and solar-powered lights. These can make a tree or structure look nice, but they’re generally not strong enough to adequately light walkways or outdoor living areas.
  2. Durability – With landscape lighting, you generally get what you pay for. If you want something quick and inexpensive, just be prepared to replace your lighting every year or two. If you’d prefer something that is going to last for years, you may want to invest in proper lighting and installation.
  3. Insufficient coverage – Because these retail lighting options are off the shelf, you may get a light set that doesn’t offer the exact length or number of lights you need for the area you want to illuminate. So, you must choose to either have a dark gap in the area covered or purchase an extra set to get the desired coverage.

The first step to creating a beautiful, illuminated landscape is to decide on the right type of lighting. There are many different types of lighting available, and your choice will depend largely on the look you’re trying to achieve. Some popular choices include accent lighting, path lights, floodlights, patio lighting, and water feature lighting.

Types of Lighting for Your Outdoor Areas

  1. illuminating backyard pathways with landscaping lightingPath Lighting: Path lighting is typically used to illuminate walkways, driveways, and other paths throughout your property. It can be used to create a subtle, welcoming ambiance or to guide visitors safely to your home.
  2. Accent Lighting: Accent lighting is used to highlight specific features of your landscaping, such as trees, shrubs, and statues. It can be used to create a dramatic effect by casting shadows and creating depth.
  3. Flood Lighting: Flood lighting is used to illuminate large areas, such as a backyard or a garden. It can be used to create a bright, welcoming ambiance or to highlight specific features of your landscaping.
  4. Deck and Patio Lighting: Deck and patio lighting can extend the use of outdoor living spaces by providing illumination for dining, entertaining, and other activities. It can also create a cozy atmosphere for nighttime relaxation.
  5. Water Feature Lighting: Water feature lighting can enhance the beauty of your pool, pond, or fountain by creating a stunning visual effect. It can also provide safety by illuminating potentially hazardous areas around the water feature.

Benefits of Landscape Lighting

  1. water feature landscape lighting ambient backyard lighting ornamental grassesSecurity – Landscape lighting can enhance security by illuminating entryways, driveways, and pathways. It can also deter potential intruders by illuminating dark areas around your property.
  2. Safety – Properly placed landscape lighting can prevent accidents by illuminating stairs, pathways, and uneven terrain.
  3. Aesthetic appeal – Landscape lighting can enhance the beauty of your property by highlighting architectural features, trees, and other landscaping elements.
  4. Functionality – Landscape lighting can extend the use of outdoor spaces by providing illumination for outdoor dining, entertaining, and other activities, as natural light begins to wane.
  5. Increased property value: Well-designed landscape lighting can add value to your property by enhancing its curb appeal and creating a more inviting atmosphere.

No matter which type of landscape lighting you choose, it’s important to make sure that the fixtures are properly installed and wired for safety. This will help ensure optimum performance and reduce energy consumption. Additionally, be sure to position your lights strategically so that they don’t create shadows or glare—this will also help keep your outdoor space safe and inviting.

By choosing the right type of landscape lighting for your home, you can transform your outdoor area into a beautiful oasis that provides security while enhancing its natural beauty both day and night. With careful consideration and expert installation techniques, you’ll be well on your way to creating a stunning outdoor space that you’ll enjoy for years to come.

Landscaping a Small Backyard

Landscaping a Small Backyard

by | Dec 1, 2022 | Hardscaping, Landscape Design, Maintenance, Patios, Softscaping

Do you have a small backyard? Do you feel like you don’t have enough room to landscape it the way you want? Don’t worry, we have some strategies for you! In this blog post, we will discuss how to add plants and shrubs for privacy and visual appeal, how to add a small patio for relaxing and entertaining, and how to create balance with colour, size and shape. We will also discuss low maintenance landscaping options. So, whether you have a small city backyard or a country cottage yard, we have the perfect tips for landscaping a small backyard.

Make the Most of a Small Space

patio and gardens for small backyard landscape design small spacesWhen it comes to landscape design for small backyards, the key is to maximize the space and make the most of what you have. Start by adding plants and shrubs that will provide both privacy and visual appeal. Choose plants with varying heights and colors to create a lush landscape.

Make sure to consider the size and shape of your yard when selecting plants. Tall, thin trees may be best for narrow spaces and can be balanced with the addition of compact, low-growing shrubs, ornamental grasses, and other perennials.

Make Your Small Backyard Livable

landscaping small spaces armour stone retaining walls pavers patio mulch gardensYou can also create a cozy gathering space with the addition of a small patio using natural stone, brick, or interlocking pavers. There are even precast stone products that look like flagstone but have a much more uniform surface and are more cost-effective relative to their natural counterpart.)

A small patio is perfect for relaxing or entertaining, and its appearance blends nicely into surrounding landscaping, so it won’t be visually overwhelming. Consider adding comfortable but space-saving furniture to maximize seating capacity.

Visual Impact and Balance

When designing your landscape, be sure to create balance with colour, size and shape. Create visual interest by grouping plants that are different sizes and colours together. Install pathways along high-traffic zones with stones in unique shapes or patterns. You can also add lighting to draw attention to certain areas of your landscape and make them stand out in the evening.

Be Master of Your Domain (Not a Slave to It)

Raised patio river rock low maintenance small backyardFinally, when it comes to landscaping a small backyard, don’t forget to consider low-maintenance landscape options. Native plants are always a great choice as they require minimal upkeep and thrive in your local climate. Consider hardscaping materials like gravel or river rock over landscape fabrics to prevent weeds from encroaching on your garden beds.

By implementing these strategies for landscaping a small backyard, you will be able to create an inviting outdoor space that is both functional and visually appealing! With the right design elements and thoughtful planning, even the smallest of yards will provide years of enjoyment. If you’d rather leave the landscaping of your small yard to professionals, contact us to get started.

Improve drainage in your lawn and garden

Improve drainage in your lawn and garden

by | Nov 4, 2022 | Gardening, Hardscaping, Lawn care, Maintenance, Patios, Walkways

At one time or another, many homeowners will encounter issues with poor draining soil. This can lead to flooding of patios, gardens, and low-lying or high-traffic grassy areas.

Stratford and area, in particular, has predominantly clay-based soils, making drainage problematic from the outset.

But not to fear, there are various solutions – some simple, some more complex – to your drainage woes.

Improving drainage in garden flowerbed rototiller sandy soil

Improve Drainage

Gardens

Mix in compost or sand. These materials have larger particles than clay, so incorporating them into the soil will create space for drainage. Just ensure that you mix the added materials in well – ideally by rototilling – to prevent layers from forming.

Lawns

If water pools in one or more areas of your lawn, the best strategy is to add drain tile. It’s a bit laborious (and potentially something you’ll want to outsource), but will be effective in eliminating standing water from your yard.

Improving drainage in lawn with drain tile dig trench

Use a 4” perforated drain tile, either (with or without a sock) and lay it in an 8 to 10-inch deep and 12-inch wide trench in the ground. Backfill around tile with a sandy loam soil that will help facilitate drainage of excess water into the tile.

If possible, extend the tile to an area where the water can run off your property. If that’s not possible, create a 3’ x3’ x3’ pit filled with ¾ clear stone where the tile can drain into and the water can disperse into the lower soil levels.

The top 4 to 6 inches of the trench should be filled with good quality top soil to ensure some water is retained to nourish grass, preventing the lawn from drying out during dry periods.

Patios

Patio areas, especially older ones or those that were poorly constructed, may fall prey to standing water. This can make the patio unusable until the surface either drains by itself or is cleared with a broom or squeegee.

Improving drainage on patio standing water elevate patio

Standing water on stone surfaces can also lead to mossy growth, which is both slippery and unsightly. Prolonged pooling water can also negatively affect your home’s foundation and may even seep inside your basement.

The best solution to an ill-draining patio is to remove all stones and increase the level of the patio’s foundation by adding several inches of well-draining aggregate. In addition, it’s important to ensure that the patio has a slight slope away from the house, so that the water can drain freely and without risk of harming adjacent structures.

High-Traffic Areas

Some grassy areas serve as throughways (from the front to the back yard, for example). Many homeowners, especially owners of newer homes find that their side property lines shared with neighbours become tough to navigate due to standing water in wet conditions.

Improving drainage in high-traffic areas pea stone gravel pavers low maintenance walkway

With houses being built closer together these days, new home owners may also find that plants and grass grow unpredictably or inconsistently due to lack of sufficient sunlight. When you add that to the fact that side yards are generally not used or seen by many, it’s not surprising that many look to a low-maintenance option to address all of these issues at once.

The most common solution is the installation of perforated drain tile, keeping with the original slope/grade of the property (typically back-to-front). Once the drain tile is installed and the trench backfilled, the area is finished with a combination of river rock and slabs to achieve a result that is navigable, well-draining, nice-looking, and low-maintenance.

Work with Wet Conditions

Of course, instead of fighting standing water, and assuming the issue isn’t too pervasive, there is a way you can work with the situation.

Choose moisture-loving plants and trees

Add moisture tolerant perennials to wet areas cardinal flower lobelium cardinalisJust as some plants and trees flourish with more or less light than others, they all have varying tolerances of moisture. Choosing varieties that can tolerate slower-draining conditions will relieve you of what could otherwise be a ongoing battle. Ideally, you’ll still want to add some well-draining material to the soil to avoid plants having perpetually wet “feet”.

Some of these solutions are easier to implement on your own than others. If or when you reach the end of your capabilities and want the job done quickly and properly, give us a call. We regularly included drainage improvement measures in our landscaping projects and would be happy to help.