As the days grow shorter and the air colder, you may be wondering Is it too late to plant trees and perennials in Ontario? The good news is that, in most cases, the answer is a reassuring no (with some caveats and exceptions). Fall is actually one of the best times to get plants into the ground, as long as you’re mindful of the timing and preparation. Let’s dig into the details.
Why Fall Planting Works
Fall planting in Ontario has several benefits:
Cooler Temperatures
Plants experience less stress from heat, making it easier for them to establish roots.
Moisture Levels
Autumn rains are ideal for consistent soil moisture, giving roots the hydration they need.
Extended Root Development
Trees and perennials focus their energy on root growth instead of foliage during cooler months, helping them settle in before winter.
How Late Is Too Late?
Timing is everything. In Ontario, the general rule is to plant trees and perennials at least a few weeks before winter sets in and the ground stays frozen. Just be sure to water the trees well. This gives roots enough time to get established.
For Trees
Aim for mid-September to late October. Evergreens are best planted earlier in the season, as they need more time to anchor their roots before winter (water well and wrap evergreens with burlap to prevent drying out of the needles).
For Perennials
You can plant most varieties into early November if the weather cooperates and the soil remains workable. Small perennials may get lifted in the winter with frost. So, make sure you check the plants in early Spring and replant if needed.
Keep an eye on local frost dates and avoid planting when the ground is too hard or excessively wet.
Choosing the Right Plants
Certain trees and perennials are better suited for fall planting:
Trees
Maples, oaks, and elms are hardy choices. But really, any tree that’s hardy in zone four or lower can be planted right up until heavy frost. See the Canadian hardiness zone map.
Perennials
Hostas, daylilies, and peonies establish well in the fall. Native plants are also a great option for added resilience.
Pro Tips for Success
Prep the Soil
Remove weeds, loosen the soil, and add compost or mulch to enrich it.
Water Thoroughly
Even though the air is cooler, trees and perennials still need regular watering after planting.
Protect Your Investment
Add a layer of mulch to insulate roots and consider using tree guards or burlap to protect young trees from frost and wildlife.
What About Spring Planting?
If you’ve missed the window for fall planting, don’t worry. Spring is another excellent time to plant. However, fall offers a head start, especially for trees and perennials that can handle Ontario’s winter conditions.
It’s not too late to plant trees and perennials in Ontario—but act quickly! With the right care and timing, your new additions will have a strong foundation to thrive next year. So grab your shovel, bundle up, and get planting before winter truly settles in! If you’d rather save planting for the spring and want some expert assistance, contact us.